This study investigated the effect of therapeutic keyboard training program on hand function and self-efficacy of children with cerebral palsy(CP). For five weeks, six individuals with CP received a total of sixteen, 30-min 1:1 keyboard sessions, three or four sessions per week, in addition to conventional occupational therapy. Measurement included MIDI data of pressing force of the fingers and keystroke interonset time interval for bimanual coordination, the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test for hand dexterity, and the Self-Efficacy Scale. All measurements were analyzed to compare pre and post values via the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The therapeutic keyboard performance training program yielded statistically significant improvement in 1) pressing force of F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5 on dominant hands, 2) pressing force of F1 and F5 on nondominant hands, 3) bimanual coordination, 4) manual dexterity relevant to simulated feeding and moving heavy objects tasks on dominant hands, and 5) self-efficacy. The results imply that therapeutic keyboard training program may effectively improve hand function and self-efficacy of children with cerebral palsy. The results of the study are meaningful to provide basic data in developing a therapeutic keyboard training program for physical and psychological rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy.